GlycoLax - Drug Monograph

Introduction

GlycoLax (polyethylene glycol 3350) is an osmotic laxative used for the treatment of occasional constipation. It is a synthetic polymer that works by drawing water into the colon to soften stool and promote bowel movements. Unlike stimulant laxatives, GlycoLax provides a gentler approach to constipation relief without causing dependency or significant electrolyte disturbances when used appropriately.

Mechanism of Action

GlycoLax exerts its therapeutic effect through osmotic action in the colon. The polyethylene glycol polymer is not absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and creates an osmotic gradient that draws water into the intestinal lumen. This increased water content softens the stool, increases stool volume, and promotes peristalsis, facilitating bowel movement without stimulating intestinal nerves or muscles directly.

Indications

• Treatment of occasional constipation
• Bowel preparation for medical procedures (off-label use)
• Management of constipation in patients with specific medical conditions (under medical supervision)

Dosage and Administration

• 17g powder dissolved in 4-8 ounces of water once daily
• Maximum duration: 7 days unless directed by physician

• Renal impairment: Use with caution; monitor for electrolyte disturbances
• Hepatic impairment: No dosage adjustment required
• Elderly: Standard adult dosing
• Pediatrics: Not recommended for children under 17 years

• Dissolve powder completely in water before ingestion
• Administer once daily, preferably in the evening
• Maintain adequate fluid intake throughout treatment

Pharmacokinetics

Contraindications

• Known hypersensitivity to polyethylene glycol
• Bowel obstruction or suspected intestinal obstruction
• Toxic megacolon
• Acute abdominal pain of unknown origin
• Severe inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis)

Warnings and Precautions

• Use beyond one week only under medical supervision
• Discontinue use if severe abdominal pain, cramping, or rectal bleeding occurs
• Use caution in patients with impaired gag reflex or swallowing difficulties
• Monitor for signs of electrolyte imbalance with prolonged use
• Not intended for weight loss or management

Drug Interactions

• No clinically significant pharmacokinetic interactions (due to lack of systemic absorption)
• Potential reduced absorption of concurrently administered oral medications (separate administration by 2 hours)
• May affect absorption of certain drugs with narrow therapeutic indices (digoxin, warfarin, lithium)

Adverse Effects

• Abdominal bloating
• Flatulence
• Abdominal cramping
• Nausea
• Diarrhea (with excessive dosing)

• Allergic reactions (rash, urticaria, angioedema)
• Severe electrolyte disturbances (with prolonged misuse)
• Bowel obstruction symptoms (if contraindications ignored)

Monitoring Parameters

• Bowel movement frequency and consistency
• Hydration status
• Electrolyte levels with prolonged use (>1 week)
• Abdominal examination findings
• Patient tolerance and adherence

Patient Education

• Use only as directed for occasional constipation
• Dissolve powder completely in water before drinking
• Maintain adequate fluid intake during treatment
• Do not use for more than 7 days without consulting healthcare provider
• Report severe abdominal pain, vomiting, or rectal bleeding immediately
• Store at room temperature away from moisture
• Keep out of reach of children

References

1. American Gastroenterological Association. (2013). Guidelines on the management of chronic constipation. Gastroenterology, 144(1), 211-217. 2. FDA Prescribing Information: Polyethylene Glycol 3350. (2022). 3. Brenner, D. M., & Stern, E. (2017). The role of osmotic laxatives in the management of chronic constipation. American Journal of Managed Care, 23(12), S246-S253. 4. Lee-Robichaud, H., et al. (2011). Lactulose versus polyethylene glycol for chronic constipation. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (7). 5. manufacturer's product information (latest edition)